2. Signaling Pathways
  3. Cell Cycle/DNA Damage
  4. DNA/RNA Synthesis

DNA/RNA Synthesis

DNA/RNA Synthesis

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RNA synthesis, which is also called DNA transcription, is a highly selective process. Transcription by RNA polymerase II extends beyond RNA synthesis, towards a more active role in mRNA maturation, surveillance and export to the cytoplasm.

Single-strand breaks are repaired by DNA ligase using the complementary strand of the double helix as a template, with DNA ligase creating the final phosphodiester bond to fully repair the DNA.DNA ligases discriminate against substrates containing RNA strands or mismatched base pairs at positions near the ends of the nickedDNA. Bleomycin (BLM) exerts its genotoxicity by generating free radicals, whichattack C-4′ in the deoxyribose backbone of DNA, leading to opening of the ribose ring and strand breakage; it is an S-independentradiomimetic agent that causes double-strand breaks in DNA.

First strand cDNA is synthesized using random hexamer primers and M-MuLV Reverse Transcriptase (RNase H). Second strand cDNA synthesis is subsequently performed using DNA Polymerase I and RNase H. The remaining overhangs are converted into blunt ends using exonuclease/polymerase activity. After adenylation of the 3′ ends of DNA fragments, NEBNext Adaptor with hairpin loop structure is ligated to prepare the samples for hybridization. Cell cycle and DNA replication are the top two pathways regulated by BET bromodomain inhibition. Cycloheximide blocks the translation of mRNA to protein.

DNA/RNA Synthesis Isoform Specific Products:

DNA/RNA Synthesis Isoform Comparison
Cat. No. Product Name Effect Purity Chemical Structure
  • HY-112258
    IMP-1088
    		Inhibitor 99.16%
    IMP-1088 is a potent human N-myristoyltransferases NMT1 and NMT2 dual inhibitor with IC50s of <1 nM for HsNMT1 and HsNMT2. IMP-1088 has a Kd of <210 pM for HsNMT1. IMP-1088 efficiently blocks rhinovirus replication by blocking rhinovirus virus-encoded protein (VP0) N-myristoylation. IMP-1088 protects host cells from the cytotoxic effects of viral infection.
    IMP-1088
  • HY-112582C
    N1-Methylpseudouridine-5′-triphosphate trisodium solution (100 mM)
    		99.70%
    N1-Methylpseudouridine-5′-triphosphate (1-Methylpseudouridine-5′-triphosphate) trisodium solution (100 mM) is a nucleobase-modified nucleotide. N1-Methylpseudouridine-5′-triphosphate (1-Methylpseudouridine-5′-triphosphate) trisodium solution (100 mM) is used for synthesizing mRNA with reduced immunogenicity and improved stability.
    N1-Methylpseudouridine-5′-triphosphate trisodium solution (100 mM)
  • HY-160785
    TREX1-IN-1
    		Modulator 99.32%
    TREX1-IN-1 is a TREX1 inhibitor with an IC50 value for hTREX1 less than 0.1 μM.
    TREX1-IN-1
  • HY-109517
    Calf thymus DNA
    Calf thymus DNA (DNA from calf thymus) is high quality double-stranded template DNA isolated from the thymus of male and female calves. Calf thymus DNA can be used for the research of the interaction between DNA and agents.
    Calf thymus DNA
  • HY-128729
    DNA2 inhibitor C5
    		Inhibitor 98.51%
    DNA2 inhibitor C5 is a potent, competitive, and specific DNA2 nuclease inhibitor with an IC50 of 20 μM. DNA2 inhibitor C5 inhibits the nuclease, DNA-dependent ATPase, helicase, and DNA-binding activities of DNA2. DNA2 inhibitor C5 can be used in breast cancer and colorectal cancer research.
    DNA2 inhibitor C5
  • HY-114429
    CB-6644
    		Inhibitor 99.85%
    CB-6644 is a selective inhibitor of RUVBL1/2 complex with anti-cancer activity. CB-6644 blocks the ATPase activity of RUVBL1/2 with an IC50 of 15 nM.
    CB-6644
  • HY-B0425
    Novobiocin
    		Inhibitor
    Novobiocin (Albamycin) is a potent and orally active antibiotic. Novobiocin also is a DNA gyrase inhibitor and a heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90) antagonist. Novobiocin has the potential for the research of highly beta-lactam-resistant pneumococcal infections. Novobiocin shows anti-orthopoxvirus activity.
    Novobiocin
  • HY-112980A
    Nusinersen sodium
    		99.10%
    Nusinersen sodium is an antisense oligonucleotide active molecule. Nusinersen sodium modifies the pre-messenger RNA splicing of the SMN2 gene, thereby promoting the production of full-length SMN protein. Nusinersen sodium improves spinal muscular atrophy.
    Nusinersen sodium
  • HY-12342
    ML216
    		Inhibitor 99.89%
    ML216 (CID-49852229) is a potent, selective and cell permeable inhibitor of the DNA unwinding activity of BLM helicase with IC50s of 2.98 μM and 0.97 μM for BLMfull-length and BLM636-1298, respectively. ML216 inhibits ssDNA-dependent ATPase activity of BLM with a Ki of 1.76 μM. Antitumor avtivity.
    ML216
  • HY-14781
    Levomefolic acid
    		98.55%
    Levomefolic acid (L-5-MTHF) is an orally active, brain-penetrant natural active form of folic acid and is one of the most widely used folic acid food supplements.
    Levomefolic acid
  • HY-125818
    Cytidine-5'-triphosphate
    		98.16%
    Cytidine 5′-triphosphate (Cytidine triphosphate; 5'-CTP) is a nucleoside triphosphate and serves as a building block for nucleotides and nucleic acids, lipid biosynthesis. Cytidine triphosphate synthase can catalyze the formation of cytidine 5′-triphosphate from uridine 5′-triphosphate (UTP). Cytidine 5′-triphosphate is an essential biomolecule in the de novo pyrimidine biosynthetic pathway in T. gondii.
    Cytidine-5'-triphosphate
  • HY-W020044
    DL-alpha-Tocopherol
    		Inhibitor 99.57%
    DL-alpha-Tocopherol is a synthetic vitamin E, with antioxidation effect. DL-alpha-Tocopherol protects human skin fibroblasts against the cytotoxic effect of UVB.
    DL-alpha-Tocopherol
  • HY-A0061
    Trifluridine
    		Inhibitor 99.98%
    Trifluridine (Trifluorothymidine) is an irreversible and orally active thymidylate synthase inhibitor, and thereby suppressing DNA synthesis. Trifluridine is an antiviral molecule used for research of HSV, rhabdovirus and orthopoxvirus infection. Trifluridine induces cell apoptosis and autophagy. Trifluridine is also an anticancer agent used in studies of metastatic colorectal cancer, gastrointestinal tumors.
    Trifluridine
  • HY-18762
    6-Thio-2'-Deoxyguanosine
    		Inhibitor 99.70%
    6-Thio-2'-Deoxyguanosine is a nucleoside analogue that can be incorporated into de novo-synthesized telomeres by telomerase.
    6-Thio-2'-Deoxyguanosine
  • HY-112721
    FDI-6
    		Inhibitor 99.60%
    FDI-6 is an inhibitor of FOXM1. FDI-6 binds directly to FOXM1 protein, to displace FOXM1 from genomic targets in MCF-7 breast cancer cells, and induce concomitant transcriptional down-regulation.
    FDI-6
  • HY-W088065
    Sodium formate
    		Inhibitor 99.7%
    Sodium formate acts as a key promoter for heterogeneous nucleation of ZIF crystals and thin film synthesis. It is also recognized as a GRAS substance by the FDA, and serves as a cosmetic preservative and food additive. Sodium formate has low acute oral toxicity (acute oral LD50=7410 mg/kg and acute intravenous LD50=807 mg/kg in mice), with no heritable or carcinogenic effects, but exhibits embryonic developmental toxicity and teratogenicity at high concentrations. Sodium formate may cause moderate irritation to rabbit eyes, is relatively safe to the skin, and does not induce tumor formation in rats in vivo. Sodium formate is rapidly absorbed and oxidized to carbon dioxide in vivo, and forms DNA adducts in specific metabolic deficiency models or upon high-dose exposure.
    Sodium formate
  • HY-X0009
    Tambiciclib
    		Inhibitor 99.21%
    Tambiciclib (GFH009, JSH-009) is an orally active, highly potent and selective CDK9 inhibitor (IC50 = 1 nM), demonstrating >200-fold selectivity over other CDKs, >100-fold selectivity over DYRK1A/B, and excellent selectivity over 468 kinases/mutants. Tambiciclib demonstrates potent in vitro and in vivo antileukemic efficacy in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) mouse models by inhibiting RNA Pol II phosphorylation, downregulating MCL1 and MYC, and inducing apoptosis. Tambiciclib can be used for AML research.
    Tambiciclib
  • HY-103019
    Enitociclib
    		Inhibitor 99.89%
    Enitociclib ((+)-BAY-1251152; (+)-VIP152) is a selective CDK9 inhibitor (IC50=3 nM) that inhibits transcriptional elongation by blocking Ser2/Ser5 phosphorylation of RNA polymerase II. Enitociclib specifically depletes key short-lived proteins such as c-MYC, MCL-1 and induces tumor cell apoptosis. Enitociclib also interferes with the production of enhancer RNAs (eRNA) and enhancer-promoter interactions, and downregulates oncogene expression at the epigenetic level. Enitociclib exerts synergistic effects with agents including Bortezomib (HY-10227), Lenalidomide (HY-A0003), Pomalidomide (HY-10984), Venetoclax (HY-15531) and Paclitaxel (HY-B0015), and even reverses paclitaxel resistance. Enitociclib serves as a vital research tool for various malignancies such as double-hit diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, multiple myeloma and pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.
    Enitociclib
  • HY-126214
    JH-RE-06
    		Inhibitor 99.87%
    JH-RE-06, a potent REV1-REV7 interface inhibitor (IC50=0.78 μM; Kd=0.42 μM), targets REV1 that interacts with the REV7 subunit of POLζ. JH-RE-06 disrupts mutagenic translesion synthesis (TLS) by preventing recruitment of mutagenic POLζ. JH-RE-06 improves chemotherapy.
    JH-RE-06
  • HY-129046A
    RNase A (10mg/mL, DNase free)
    RNase A (10mg/mL, DNase free) is a ribonuclease used to catalyze RNA degradation without containing DNase. RNase A is often employed in cell cycle assay.
    RNase A (10mg/mL, DNase free)
Cat. No. Product Name / Synonyms Application Reactivity
DNA/RNA Synthesis Isoform Comparison

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